文件的上传和下载在项目中经常用到,springMVC就同样支持文件的上传下载,但在默认不处理所以需要自己配置MultipartResolver实现文件上传。为了能上传文件,必须将表单的method设置为post,并将enctype设置为multipart/form-data。只有在这样的情况下,浏览器才会把用户选择的文件以二进制数据发送给服务器(即会采用二进制流的方式来处理表单数据)。

  1. <form action="" enctype="multipart/form-data" method="post">
  2. <input type="file" name="file"/>
  3. <input type="submit">
  4. </form>

添加需要的配置。

        <!--文件上传配置-->
    <bean id="multipartResolver"
          class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
        <!-- 请求的编码格式,必须和jSP的pageEncoding属性一致,以便正确读取表单的内容,
        默认为ISO-8859-1 -->
        <property name="defaultEncoding" value="utf-8"/>
        <!-- 上传文件大小上限,单位为字节(10485760=10M) -->
        <property name="maxUploadSize" value="10485760"/>
        <property name="maxInMemorySize" value="40960"/>
    </bean>

导入依赖

                <!--文件上传-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
            <version>1.3.3</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--servlet-api导入高版本的-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>4.0.1</version>
        </dependency>

文件上传请求实现

package ...
import ...

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/test")
public class FileController_upload {
    @RequestMapping("/goUpload")
    public String test(){
        return "uploadTest";
    }

    @RequestMapping("/main")
    public String test1(){
        return "main";
    }

    //@RequestParam("file") 将name=file控件得到的文件封装成CommonsMultipartFile 对象
    //批量上传CommonsMultipartFile则为数组即可
    @RequestMapping("/upload")
    public String fileUpload(@RequestParam("fileTest") CommonsMultipartFile file , HttpServletRequest request) throws IOException {

        //获取文件名 : file.getOriginalFilename();
        String uploadFileName = file.getOriginalFilename();

        //如果文件名为空,直接回到首页!
        if ("".equals(uploadFileName)){
            return "main";
        }
        System.out.println("上传文件名 : "+uploadFileName);

        //上传路径保存设置
        String path = request.getServletContext().getRealPath("/upload");
        //如果路径不存在,创建一个
        File realPath = new File(path);
        if (!realPath.exists()){
            realPath.mkdir();
        }
        System.out.println("上传文件保存地址:"+realPath);

        InputStream is = file.getInputStream(); //文件输入流
        OutputStream os = new FileOutputStream(new File(realPath,uploadFileName)); //文件输出流

        //读取写出
        int len=0;
        byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
        while ((len=is.read(buffer))!=-1){
            os.write(buffer,0,len);
            os.flush();
        }
        os.close();
        is.close();
        return "success";
    }

    /*
     * 采用file.Transto 来保存上传的文件
     */
    @RequestMapping("/upload1")
    public String  fileUpload1(@RequestParam("fileTest") CommonsMultipartFile file, HttpServletRequest request) throws IOException {

        //获取文件名 : file.getOriginalFilename();
        String uploadFileName1 = file.getOriginalFilename();

        //如果文件名为空,直接回到首页!
        if ("".equals(uploadFileName1)){
            return "main";
        }
        System.out.println("上传文件名 : "+uploadFileName1);

        //上传路径保存设置
        String path = request.getServletContext().getRealPath("/upload");
        File realPath = new File(path);
        if (!realPath.exists()){
            realPath.mkdir();
        }
        //上传文件地址
        System.out.println("上传文件保存地址:"+realPath);

        //通过CommonsMultipartFile的方法直接写文件(注意这个时候)
        file.transferTo(new File(realPath +"/"+ file.getOriginalFilename()));

        return "success";
    }


}

编写前端页面
main.jsp

<p>
    <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/test/goUpload">upload</a>
</p>

uploadTest.jsp

<h1>这是文件上传页面</h1>

<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/test/upload" enctype="multipart/form-data" method="post">
    <input type="file" name="fileTest">
    <input type="submit" value="upload1">
</form>

<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/test/upload1" enctype="multipart/form-data" method="post">
    <input type="file" name="fileTest">
    <input type="submit" value="upload2">
</form>

success.jsp

ok

<p>
    <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/test/main">返回</a>
</p>

运行结束
image.png
选择文件上传,成功上传返回了文件存在地址并在war包内可以查看到上传的文件。
image.pngimage.pngimage.png
image.pngimage.png

文件下载请求实现

package ...
import ...

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/test1")
public class FileController_download {

    @RequestMapping("/goDownload")
    public String test(){
        return "downloadTest";
    }

    @RequestMapping("/download")
    public String downloads(HttpServletResponse response , HttpServletRequest request) throws Exception{
        //要下载的地址
        String  path = request.getServletContext().getRealPath("/upload");
        String  fileName = "The name of the file you want to download.   (常用配置.md)";

        //1、设置response 响应头
        response.reset(); //设置页面不缓存,清空buffer
        response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8"); //字符编码
        response.setContentType("multipart/form-data"); //二进制传输数据
        //设置响应头
        response.setHeader("Content-Disposition",
                "attachment;fileName="+ URLEncoder.encode(fileName, "UTF-8"));

        File file = new File(path,fileName);
        //2、 读取文件--输入流
        InputStream input=new FileInputStream(file);
        //3、 写出文件--输出流
        OutputStream out = response.getOutputStream();

        byte[] buff =new byte[1024];
        int index=0;
        //4、执行 写出操作
        while((index= input.read(buff))!= -1){
            out.write(buff, 0, index);
            out.flush();
        }
        out.close();
        input.close();
        return "";
    }

}

main.jsp

<p>
    <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/test1/goDownload">download</a>
</p>

运行结束
image.pngimage.pngimage.pngimage.pngimage.png
下载完成。
注:File file = new File(path,fileName);这里的若File类对象的所代表的文件不存在,不是文件是目录,或者其他原因不能打开的话,会页面丢失。