Linux安装

tips: Linux系统默认自带python解释器，版本为python2.7

Python3.8安装

  1. # 切换到root用户
  2. parallels@centos-7 ~]$ sudo su 
  3. [sudo] password for parallels: 
  4. # 切换到python包所在的路径
  5. [root@centos-7 parallels]# cd /home/parallels/Downloads/ 
  6. [root@centos-7 Downloads]# ls
  7. Python-3.8.2.tgz
  8. # 解包
  9. [root@centos-7 Downloads]# tar -zxvf Python-3.8.2.tgz -C /tmp
  10. # 配置安装路径
  11. [root@centos-7 Python-3.8.2]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/Python38
  12. # 编译并安装
  13. [root@centos-7 Python-3.8.2]# make && make install

报错

缺少依赖包zlib：

zipimport.ZipImportError: can't decompress data; zlib not available
make: *** [install] Error 1

解决

安装依赖包并重新安装：

[root@centos-7 Python-3.8.2]# yum -y install zlib-devel
[root@centos-7 Python-3.8.2]# make install

出现以下内容表示安装成功

Looking in links: /tmp/tmplorzx9v1
Collecting setuptools
Collecting pip
Installing collected packages: setuptools, pip
Successfully installed pip-19.2.3 setuptools-41.2.0

环境变量配置

[root@centos-7 ~]# vim /etc/profile
# You could check uidgid reservation validity in
# /usr/share/doc/setup-*/uidgid file
if [ $UID -gt 199 ] && [ "`/usr/bin/id -gn`" = "`/usr/bin/id -un`" ]; then
    umask 002
else
    umask 022
fi

for i in /etc/profile.d/*.sh /etc/profile.d/sh.local ; do
    if [ -r "$i" ]; then
        if [ "${-#*i}" != "$-" ]; then
            . "$i"
        else
            . "$i" >/dev/null
        fi
    fi
done

unset i
unset -f pathmunge
PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/Python38/bin
export PATH

重启计算机

[root@centos-7 ~]# reboot

验证

[parallels@centos-7 ~]$ python3
Python 3.8.2 (default, Apr 25 2020, 12:47:21) 
[GCC 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-39)] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>>