方法一、通过 Dockerfile 构建

创建Dockerfile
首先，创建目录mysql，用于存放后面的相关东西

  1. mkdir -p ~/mysql/data ~/mysql/logs ~/mysql/conf

data目录将映射为mysql容器配置的数据文件存放路径
logs目录将映射为mysql容器的日志目录
conf目录里的配置文件将映射为mysql容器的配置文件

进入创建的mysql目录，创建Dockerfile

  1. FROM debian:jessie# add our user and group first to make sure their IDs get assigned consistently, regardless of whatever dependencies get addedRUN groupadd -r mysql && useradd -r -g mysql mysql# add gosu for easy step-down from rootENV GOSU_VERSION 1.7RUN set -x \    && apt-get update && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends ca-certificates wget && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/* \
  2.     && wget -O /usr/local/bin/gosu "https://github.com/tianon/gosu/releases/download/$GOSU_VERSION/gosu-$(dpkg --print-architecture)" \
  3.     && wget -O /usr/local/bin/gosu.asc "https://github.com/tianon/gosu/releases/download/$GOSU_VERSION/gosu-$(dpkg --print-architecture).asc" \
  4.     && export GNUPGHOME="$(mktemp -d)" \
  5.     && gpg --keyserver ha.pool.sks-keyservers.net --recv-keys B42F6819007F00F88E364FD4036A9C25BF357DD4 \
  6.     && gpg --batch --verify /usr/local/bin/gosu.asc /usr/local/bin/gosu \
  7.     && rm -r "$GNUPGHOME" /usr/local/bin/gosu.asc \
  8.     && chmod +x /usr/local/bin/gosu \
  9.     && gosu nobody true \
  10.     && apt-get purge -y --auto-remove ca-certificates wget
  12. RUN mkdir /docker-entrypoint-initdb.d
  14. # FATAL ERROR: please install the following Perl modules before executing /usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db:
  15. # File::Basename
  16. # File::Copy
  17. # Sys::Hostname
  18. # Data::Dumper
  19. RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y perl pwgen --no-install-recommends && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
  21. # gpg: key 5072E1F5: public key "MySQL Release Engineering <mysql-build@oss.oracle.com>" imported
  22. RUN apt-key adv --keyserver ha.pool.sks-keyservers.net --recv-keys A4A9406876FCBD3C456770C88C718D3B5072E1F5
  24. ENV MYSQL_MAJOR 5.6
  25. ENV MYSQL_VERSION 5.6.31-1debian8
  27. RUN echo "deb http://repo.mysql.com/apt/debian/ jessie mysql-${MYSQL_MAJOR}" > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/mysql.list
  29. # the "/var/lib/mysql" stuff here is because the mysql-server postinst doesn't have an explicit way to disable the mysql_install_db codepath besides having a database already "configured" (ie, stuff in /var/lib/mysql/mysql)
  30. # also, we set debconf keys to make APT a little quieter
  31. RUN { \
  32.         echo mysql-community-server mysql-community-server/data-dir select ''; \
  33.         echo mysql-community-server mysql-community-server/root-pass password ''; \
  34.         echo mysql-community-server mysql-community-server/re-root-pass password ''; \
  35.         echo mysql-community-server mysql-community-server/remove-test-db select false; \
  36.     } | debconf-set-selections \
  37.     && apt-get update && apt-get install -y mysql-server="${MYSQL_VERSION}" && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/* \
  38.     && rm -rf /var/lib/mysql && mkdir -p /var/lib/mysql /var/run/mysqld \
  39.     && chown -R mysql:mysql /var/lib/mysql /var/run/mysqld \
  40. # ensure that /var/run/mysqld (used for socket and lock files) is writable regardless of the UID our mysqld instance ends up having at runtime
  41.     && chmod 777 /var/run/mysqld
  43. # comment out a few problematic configuration values
  44. # don't reverse lookup hostnames, they are usually another container
  45. RUN sed -Ei 's/^(bind-address|log)/#&/' /etc/mysql/my.cnf \
  46.     && echo 'skip-host-cache\nskip-name-resolve' | awk '{ print } $1 == "[mysqld]" && c == 0 { c = 1; system("cat") }' /etc/mysql/my.cnf > /tmp/my.cnf \
  47.     && mv /tmp/my.cnf /etc/mysql/my.cnf
  49. VOLUME /var/lib/mysql
  51. COPY docker-entrypoint.sh /usr/local/bin/
  52. RUN ln -s usr/local/bin/docker-entrypoint.sh /entrypoint.sh # backwards compat
  53. ENTRYPOINT ["docker-entrypoint.sh"]
  55. EXPOSE 3306
  56. CMD ["mysqld"]

通过Dockerfile创建一个镜像，替换成自己的名字

  1. docker build -t mysql .

创建完成后，可在本地镜像列表中查找到刚刚创建的镜像

  1. docker images | grep mysql

方式二、docker pull mysql

查找Docker Hub上的mysql镜像

  1. docker search mysql

这里我们拉取官方的镜像，标签为5.6

  1. docker pull mysql:5.6

等待下载完成后，我们就可以在本地镜像列表里查到REPOSITORY为mysql,标签为5.6的镜像。

使用mysql镜像

运行容器

  1. docker run -p 3306:3306 --name mymysql -v $PWD/conf/my.cnf:/etc/mysql/my.cnf -v $PWD/logs:/logs -v $PWD/data:/mysql_data -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 -d

命令说明：

  • -p 3306:3306：将容器的3306端口映射到主机的3306端口
  • -v $PWD/conf/my.cnf:/etc/mysql/my.cnf：将主机当前目录下的conf/my.cnf挂载到容器的/etc/mysql/my.cnf
  • -v $PWD/logs:/logs：将主机当前目录下的logs目录挂载到容器的/logs
  • -v $PWD/data:/mysql_data：将主机当前目录下的data目录挂载到容器的/mysql_data
  • -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456：初始化root用户的密码

查看容器启动情况

  1. docker ps