- 视图的介绍
view:站在不同的角度去看待同一份数据
- 创建、删除视图对象 ```java //表的复制:
create table dept2 as select * from dept;
//创建视图对象:
create view dept2_view as select * from dept2;
//删除视图对象:
drop view dept2_view;
/注意:只有DQL语句才能以view的形式创建 create view view_name as 这里的语句必须是DQL语句; as后面必须是DQL语句 /
3. 视图对象的作用我们可以面向视图对象进行增删改查,对视图对象的增删改查,会导致原表被操作!<br />视图的特点:通过对视图的操作,会影响到原表数据```java//面向视图查询select * from dept2_view;//面向视图插入insert into dept2_view(deptno,dname,loc) values(60,'SALES','BEIJING');//查询原表数据select * from dept2;+--------+------------+----------+| DEPTNO | DNAME | LOC |+--------+------------+----------+| 10 | ACCOUNTING | NEW YORK || 20 | RESEARCH | DALLAS || 30 | SALES | CHICAGO || 40 | OPERATIONS | BOSTON || 60 | SALES | BEIJING |+--------+------------+----------+//面向视图删除delete from dept2_view;//查询原表数据select * from dept2;Empty set (0.00 sec)//创建视图对象create viewemp_dept_viewasselecte.ename,e.sal,d.dnamefromemp ejoindept done.deptno = d.deptno;//查询视图对象select * from emp_dept_view order by dname;+--------+---------+------------+| ename | sal | dname |+--------+---------+------------+| CLARK | 2450.00 | ACCOUNTING || KING | 5000.00 | ACCOUNTING || MILLER | 1300.00 | ACCOUNTING || SMITH | 800.00 | RESEARCH || JONES | 2975.00 | RESEARCH || SCOTT | 3000.00 | RESEARCH || ADAMS | 1100.00 | RESEARCH || FORD | 3000.00 | RESEARCH || ALLEN | 1600.00 | SALES || WARD | 1250.00 | SALES || MARTIN | 1250.00 | SALES || BLAKE | 2850.00 | SALES || TURNER | 1500.00 | SALES || JAMES | 950.00 | SALES |+--------+---------+------------+//面向视图更新update emp_dept_view set sal = 1000 where dname = 'ACCOUNTING';+--------+---------+------------+| ename | sal | dname |+--------+---------+------------+| CLARK | 1000.00 | ACCOUNTING || KING | 1000.00 | ACCOUNTING || MILLER | 1000.00 | ACCOUNTING || SMITH | 800.00 | RESEARCH || JONES | 2975.00 | RESEARCH || SCOTT | 3000.00 | RESEARCH || ADAMS | 1100.00 | RESEARCH || FORD | 3000.00 | RESEARCH || ALLEN | 1600.00 | SALES || WARD | 1250.00 | SALES || MARTIN | 1250.00 | SALES || BLAKE | 2850.00 | SALES || TURNER | 1500.00 | SALES || JAMES | 950.00 | SALES |+--------+---------+------------+//原表数据被更新select * from emp;+--------+-----------+------+------------+---------+---------+--------+| ENAME | JOB | MGR | HIREDATE | SAL | COMM | DEPTNO |+--------+-----------+------+------------+---------+---------+--------+| SMITH | CLERK | 7902 | 1980-12-17 | 800.00 | NULL | 20 || ALLEN | SALESMAN | 7698 | 1981-02-20 | 1600.00 | 300.00 | 30 || WARD | SALESMAN | 7698 | 1981-02-22 | 1250.00 | 500.00 | 30 || JONES | MANAGER | 7839 | 1981-04-02 | 2975.00 | NULL | 20 || MARTIN | SALESMAN | 7698 | 1981-09-28 | 1250.00 | 1400.00 | 30 || BLAKE | MANAGER | 7839 | 1981-05-01 | 2850.00 | NULL | 30 || CLARK | MANAGER | 7839 | 1981-06-09 | 1000.00 | NULL | 10 || SCOTT | ANALYST | 7566 | 1987-04-19 | 3000.00 | NULL | 20 || KING | PRESIDENT | NULL | 1981-11-17 | 1000.00 | NULL | 10 || TURNER | SALESMAN | 7698 | 1981-09-08 | 1500.00 | 0.00 | 30 || ADAMS | CLERK | 7788 | 1987-05-23 | 1100.00 | NULL | 20 || JAMES | CLERK | 7698 | 1981-12-03 | 950.00 | NULL | 30 || FORD | ANALYST | 7566 | 1981-12-03 | 3000.00 | NULL | 20 || MILLER | CLERK | 7782 | 1982-01-23 | 1000.00 | NULL | 10 |+--------+-----------+------+------------+---------+---------+--------+update 不能更新order by 排序过的表update后不能加order by
- 视图对象在实际开发中的作用
方便,简化开发,利于维护
create view
emp_dept_view
as
select
e.ename,e.sal,d.dname
from
emp e
join
dept d
on
e.deptno = d.deptno;
假设有一条非常复杂的SQL语句,而这条语句需要在不同的位置上反复使用,每一次使用这个SQL语句的时候都需要这些重新编写,很长,很麻烦
可以把这条复杂的SQL以视图对象的形式新建
在需要编写这条SQL语句的位置直接使用视图对象,可以大大简化开发。
并且利于后期的维护,因为修改的时候也只需要修改这一个位置即可,只需要修改视图对象所映射的SQL语句。
在使用视图的时候可以向使用tabl一样,可以对视图进行增删改查等操作,视图不是在内存当中,视图对象也是存储在硬件上的,关机不会消失
提醒:
视图对应的语句只能是DQL语句
但是视图创建完成之后,可以对视图进行增删改查等操作
小插曲:
增删改查,又叫:CRUD。
CRUD是在公司中程序员之间交流的术语。
C: Create(增)
R: Retrive(查:检索)
U: Update(改)
D: Delete(删)
