1. 视图的介绍

    view:站在不同的角度去看待同一份数据

    1. 创建、删除视图对象 ```java //表的复制:

    create table dept2 as select * from dept;

    //创建视图对象:

    create view dept2_view as select * from dept2;

    //删除视图对象:

    drop view dept2_view;

    /注意:只有DQL语句才能以view的形式创建 create view view_name as 这里的语句必须是DQL语句; as后面必须是DQL语句 /

    1. 3. 视图对象的作用
    2. 我们可以面向视图对象进行增删改查,对视图对象的增删改查,会导致原表被操作!<br />视图的特点:通过对视图的操作,会影响到原表数据
    3. ```java
    4. //面向视图查询
    5. select * from dept2_view;
    6. //面向视图插入
    7. insert into dept2_view(deptno,dname,loc) values(60,'SALES','BEIJING');
    8. //查询原表数据
    9. select * from dept2;
    10. +--------+------------+----------+
    11. | DEPTNO | DNAME | LOC |
    12. +--------+------------+----------+
    13. | 10 | ACCOUNTING | NEW YORK |
    14. | 20 | RESEARCH | DALLAS |
    15. | 30 | SALES | CHICAGO |
    16. | 40 | OPERATIONS | BOSTON |
    17. | 60 | SALES | BEIJING |
    18. +--------+------------+----------+
    19. //面向视图删除
    20. delete from dept2_view;
    21. //查询原表数据
    22. select * from dept2;
    23. Empty set (0.00 sec)
    24. //创建视图对象
    25. create view
    26. emp_dept_view
    27. as
    28. select
    29. e.ename,e.sal,d.dname
    30. from
    31. emp e
    32. join
    33. dept d
    34. on
    35. e.deptno = d.deptno;
    36. //查询视图对象
    37. select * from emp_dept_view order by dname;
    38. +--------+---------+------------+
    39. | ename | sal | dname |
    40. +--------+---------+------------+
    41. | CLARK | 2450.00 | ACCOUNTING |
    42. | KING | 5000.00 | ACCOUNTING |
    43. | MILLER | 1300.00 | ACCOUNTING |
    44. | SMITH | 800.00 | RESEARCH |
    45. | JONES | 2975.00 | RESEARCH |
    46. | SCOTT | 3000.00 | RESEARCH |
    47. | ADAMS | 1100.00 | RESEARCH |
    48. | FORD | 3000.00 | RESEARCH |
    49. | ALLEN | 1600.00 | SALES |
    50. | WARD | 1250.00 | SALES |
    51. | MARTIN | 1250.00 | SALES |
    52. | BLAKE | 2850.00 | SALES |
    53. | TURNER | 1500.00 | SALES |
    54. | JAMES | 950.00 | SALES |
    55. +--------+---------+------------+
    56. //面向视图更新
    57. update emp_dept_view set sal = 1000 where dname = 'ACCOUNTING';
    58. +--------+---------+------------+
    59. | ename | sal | dname |
    60. +--------+---------+------------+
    61. | CLARK | 1000.00 | ACCOUNTING |
    62. | KING | 1000.00 | ACCOUNTING |
    63. | MILLER | 1000.00 | ACCOUNTING |
    64. | SMITH | 800.00 | RESEARCH |
    65. | JONES | 2975.00 | RESEARCH |
    66. | SCOTT | 3000.00 | RESEARCH |
    67. | ADAMS | 1100.00 | RESEARCH |
    68. | FORD | 3000.00 | RESEARCH |
    69. | ALLEN | 1600.00 | SALES |
    70. | WARD | 1250.00 | SALES |
    71. | MARTIN | 1250.00 | SALES |
    72. | BLAKE | 2850.00 | SALES |
    73. | TURNER | 1500.00 | SALES |
    74. | JAMES | 950.00 | SALES |
    75. +--------+---------+------------+
    76. //原表数据被更新
    77. select * from emp;
    78. +--------+-----------+------+------------+---------+---------+--------+
    79. | ENAME | JOB | MGR | HIREDATE | SAL | COMM | DEPTNO |
    80. +--------+-----------+------+------------+---------+---------+--------+
    81. | SMITH | CLERK | 7902 | 1980-12-17 | 800.00 | NULL | 20 |
    82. | ALLEN | SALESMAN | 7698 | 1981-02-20 | 1600.00 | 300.00 | 30 |
    83. | WARD | SALESMAN | 7698 | 1981-02-22 | 1250.00 | 500.00 | 30 |
    84. | JONES | MANAGER | 7839 | 1981-04-02 | 2975.00 | NULL | 20 |
    85. | MARTIN | SALESMAN | 7698 | 1981-09-28 | 1250.00 | 1400.00 | 30 |
    86. | BLAKE | MANAGER | 7839 | 1981-05-01 | 2850.00 | NULL | 30 |
    87. | CLARK | MANAGER | 7839 | 1981-06-09 | 1000.00 | NULL | 10 |
    88. | SCOTT | ANALYST | 7566 | 1987-04-19 | 3000.00 | NULL | 20 |
    89. | KING | PRESIDENT | NULL | 1981-11-17 | 1000.00 | NULL | 10 |
    90. | TURNER | SALESMAN | 7698 | 1981-09-08 | 1500.00 | 0.00 | 30 |
    91. | ADAMS | CLERK | 7788 | 1987-05-23 | 1100.00 | NULL | 20 |
    92. | JAMES | CLERK | 7698 | 1981-12-03 | 950.00 | NULL | 30 |
    93. | FORD | ANALYST | 7566 | 1981-12-03 | 3000.00 | NULL | 20 |
    94. | MILLER | CLERK | 7782 | 1982-01-23 | 1000.00 | NULL | 10 |
    95. +--------+-----------+------+------------+---------+---------+--------+
    96. update 不能更新order by 排序过的表
    97. update后不能加order by
    1. 视图对象在实际开发中的作用

    方便,简化开发,利于维护
    create view
    emp_dept_view
    as
    select
    e.ename,e.sal,d.dname
    from
    emp e
    join
    dept d
    on
    e.deptno = d.deptno;

    假设有一条非常复杂的SQL语句,而这条语句需要在不同的位置上反复使用,每一次使用这个SQL语句的时候都需要这些重新编写,很长,很麻烦
    可以把这条复杂的SQL以视图对象的形式新建
    在需要编写这条SQL语句的位置直接使用视图对象,可以大大简化开发。
    并且利于后期的维护,因为修改的时候也只需要修改这一个位置即可,只需要修改视图对象所映射的SQL语句。

    在使用视图的时候可以向使用tabl一样,可以对视图进行增删改查等操作,视图不是在内存当中,视图对象也是存储在硬件上的,关机不会消失

    提醒:
    视图对应的语句只能是DQL语句
    但是视图创建完成之后,可以对视图进行增删改查等操作

    小插曲:
    增删改查,又叫:CRUD。
    CRUD是在公司中程序员之间交流的术语。
    C: Create(增)
    R: Retrive(查:检索)
    U: Update(改)
    D: Delete(删)