CentOS6.5安装python3.7

1、下载python3

  1. wget https://npm.taobao.org/mirrors/python/3.7.12/Python-3.7.12.tgz

2、解压

  1. tar -xzvf Python-3.7.12.tgz

3、先建一个编译目录

  1. mkdir /usr/local/python3

4、Python3.7版本需要一个新的包libffi-devel，安装此包之后再次进行编译安装即可。

  1. yum install -y libffi-devel

5、然后编译、安装

  1. cd Python-3.7.12
  2. ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/python3
  3. make
  4. make install
  7. 这种是带openssl模块安装的方式
  8. ./configure--prefix=/usr/local/python3 --with-openssl=/usr/local/openssl-1.1.1l

6、建立软链接：

  1. ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/python3 /usr/bin/python3
  2. ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/pip3 /usr/bin/pip3

7、查看版本：

  1. python3 -V

Mac安装python3.7

  1. brew install pyhton@3.7
  1. Python has been installed as
  2.   /usr/local/opt/python@3.7/bin/python3
  4. Unversioned symlinks `python`, `python-config`, `pip` etc. pointing to
  5. `python3`, `python3-config`, `pip3` etc., respectively, have been installed into
  6.   /usr/local/opt/python@3.7/libexec/bin
  8. You can install Python packages with
  9.   /usr/local/opt/python@3.7/bin/pip3 install <package>
  10. They will install into the site-package directory
  11.   /usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages
  13. See: https://docs.brew.sh/Homebrew-and-Python
  15. python@3.7 is keg-only, which means it was not symlinked into /usr/local,
  16. because this is an alternate version of another formula.
  18. If you need to have python@3.7 first in your PATH, run:
  19.   echo 'export PATH="/usr/local/opt/python@3.7/bin:$PATH"' >> ~/.zshrc
  21. For compilers to find python@3.7 you may need to set:
  22.   export LDFLAGS="-L/usr/local/opt/python@3.7/lib"
  24. For pkg-config to find python@3.7 you may need to set:
  25.   export PKG_CONFIG_PATH="/usr/local/opt/python@3.7/lib/pkgconfig"

pip pip3 替换国内镜像源

Linux 或者Mac环境替换镜像源

1、创建配置文件

  1.  ~/.pip/pip.conf 
  2.  mkdir -p ~/.pip
  3.  touch  ~/.pip/pip.conf

2、pip.conf文件内容

  1. [global]
  2. timeout = 10
  3. index-url =  http://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/
  4. extra-index-url = https://pypi.org/simple/pip/
  6. [install]
  7. trusted-host = mirrors.aliyun.com

遇到的问题

SSLError

pip3报错安装python3.7.0后发现使用pip会出现如下报错：

https://blog.csdn.net/lkgCSDN/article/details/84403329 https://www.jianshu.com/p/8e476eef43f7

  1. pip is configured with locations that require TLS/SSL, however the ssl module in Python is not available.
  2. Collecting virtualenv
  3.   Retrying (Retry(total=4, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'SSLError("Can't connect to HTTPS URL because the SSL module is not available.")': /simple/virtualenv/
  4.   Retrying (Retry(total=3, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'SSLError("Can't connect to HTTPS URL because the SSL module is not available.")': /simple/virtualenv/
  5.   Retrying (Retry(total=2, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'SSLError("Can't connect to HTTPS URL because the SSL module is not available.")': /simple/virtualenv/
  6.   Retrying (Retry(total=1, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'SSLError("Can't connect to HTTPS URL because the SSL module is not available.")': /simple/virtualenv/
  7.   Retrying (Retry(total=0, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'SSLError("Can't connect to HTTPS URL because the SSL module is not available.")': /simple/virtualenv/
  8.   Could not fetch URL https://pypi.org/simple/virtualenv/: There was a problem confirming the ssl certificate: HTTPSConnectionPool(host='pypi.org', port=443): Max retries exceeded with url: /simple/virtualenv/ (Caused by SSLError("Can't connect to HTTPS URL because the SSL module is not available.")) - skipping
  9.   Could not find a version that satisfies the requirement virtualenv (from versions: )
  10. No matching distribution found for virtualenv
  11. pip is configured with locations that require TLS/SSL, however the ssl module in Python is not available.
  12. Could not fetch URL https://pypi.org/simple/pip/: There was a problem confirming the ssl certificate: HTTPSConnectionPool(host='pypi.org', port=443): Max retries exceeded with url: /simple/pip/ (Caused by SSLError("Can't connect to HTTPS URL because the SSL module is not available.")) - skipping

这时候需要升级系统的openssl：升级openssl
升级完毕重新编译安装 ./configure--prefix=/usr/local/python3 --with-openssl=/usr/local/openssl