- 一、设置静态ip
- 二、更换使用软件源镜像
- 默认注释了源码镜像以提高 apt update 速度,如有需要可自行取消注释
- https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ focal main restricted universe multiverse">deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ focal main restricted universe multiverse
- https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse">deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse
- https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse">deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse
- https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse">deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse
- 预发布软件源,不建议启用
- https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ focal-proposed main restricted universe multiverse">deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ focal-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
- https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ focal-proposed main restricted universe multiverse">deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ focal-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
Ubuntu Installation instructions 系统默认登录账号和密码均为ubuntu
一、设置静态ip
本文设置静态IP适用于 Ubuntu 18.04 LTS、 Ubuntu 20.04 LTS
查看 ubuntu 版本号
// 系统版本
$ cat /etc/issue
// 内核版本
$ uname -a
查看当前ip
1.
$ ip addr
2.
$ ifconfig -a
修改网络配置文件
$ sudo vi /etc/netplan/50-cloud-init.yaml
本文设置IP地址为 192.168.1.126, 子网掩码24位即255.255.255.0, 网关为192.168.1.1, DNS1: 233.5.5.5, DNS2: 8.8.8.8
# This file is generated from information provided by the datasource. Changes
# to it will not persist across an instance reboot. To disable cloud-init's
# network configuration capabilities, write a file
# /etc/cloud/cloud.cfg.d/99-disable-network-config.cfg with the following:
# network: {config: disabled}
network:
ethernets:
eth0:
dhcp4: no
addresses: [192.168.1.126/24]
optional: true
gateway4: 192.168.1.1
nameservers:
addresses: [223.5.5.5,8.8.8.8]
version: 2
DNS:233.5.5.5为阿里云的DNS服务地址 8.8.8.8则为谷歌的
运行命令应用新配置,立即生效
$ sudo netplan apply
测试网络连通
$ ping 192.168.1.126
$ ping www.baidu.com
二、更换使用软件源镜像
通过更换 Ubuntu 的软件源为国内镜像地址提升下载速度,软件源配置文件是 /etc/apt/sources.list
先备份系统自带的软件源配置文件
$ cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.bak
本文使用清华源镜像,树莓派使用的是ARM架构处理器, 我安装的Ubuntu版本为20.04,镜像软件源内容为: ```
默认注释了源码镜像以提高 apt update 速度,如有需要可自行取消注释
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ focal main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ focal main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse
预发布软件源,不建议启用
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ focal-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ focal-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
``
当然也可以使用设置更简单的[中科大镜像](https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/help/ubuntu-ports.html#id5),只需在
/etc/apt/sources.list文件中,将软件源的地址改为
http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports`即可,其他 阿里云镜像、网易开源镜像 等自行查证参考.
注意:软件源地址因安装Ubuntu系统的机器处理器架构和系统版本不同而有异
- 更改完
sources.list
文件后请运行sudo apt-get update
更新索引以生效