流水线可以让项目发布流程更加清晰，docker可以大大减少Jenkins配置。

使用docker安装jenkins

DockerHub搜索jenkins

数据卷挂载到 /var 磁盘目录下，因为该磁盘空间较大

  1. # DEPRECATED; use "jenkins/jenkins:lts" instead
  2. docker pull jenkins/jenkins
  4. # 启动
  5. docker run -u root -itd --name jenkins -p 8082:8080 -p 50000:50000 -v $(which docker):/usr/bin/docker -v /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock -e TZ="Asia/Shanghai" -v /etc/localtime:/etc/localtime:ro -v /var/volumes4docker/jenkins/jenkins_home:/var/jenkins_home jenkins/jenkins
  8. # -p 8082:8080 Jenkins默认网页访问端口为8080，将端口映射到外部主机，
  9. # 阿里云服务器要配置防火墙和安全组
  11. -p 8082:8080 \  # 映射主机端口（第一个数字8082）和容器端口（后一个数字8080），用于HTTP访问
  12. -p 50000:50000 \  # 映射主机端口（第一个数字50000）和容器端口（后一个数字50000），用于连接Agent
  14. # -v $(which docker):/usr/bin/docker -v /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock
  15. # 使Jenkins内部可以使用docker命令
  17. # -e TZ="Asia/Shanghai" -v /etc/localtime:/etc/localtime:ro
  18. # 配置Jenkins容器的时区
  20. # -v /var/volumes4docker/jenkins/jenkins_home:/var/jenkins_home
  21. # 具名挂载 卷名:容器内路径 将Jenkins的配置映射到外部主机卷，容器删除仍可保留配置
  22. # 挂载目录 /var/volumes4docker/jenkins/jenkins_home 下

image.png
Running from: /usr/share/jenkins/jenkins.war 表示jenkins启动成功

查看容器信息

  1. # docker inspect containerID
  2. [
  3.     {
  4.         "Id": "dd61611e0a08c42e8c74d6caf6f08a43ee576acae723b4242d4cbf7ada0cec0f",
  5.         "Created": "2021-10-07T08:19:50.973194204Z",
  6.         "Path": "/sbin/tini",
  7.         "Args": [
  8.             "--",
  9.             "/usr/local/bin/jenkins.sh"
  10.         ],
  11.         "State": {
  12.             "Status": "running",
  13.             "Running": true,
  14.             "Paused": false,
  15.             "Restarting": false,
  16.             "OOMKilled": false,
  17.             "Dead": false,
  18.             "Pid": 15916,
  19.             "ExitCode": 0,
  20.             "Error": "",
  21.             "StartedAt": "2021-10-07T08:31:26.25836015Z",
  22.             "FinishedAt": "2021-10-07T08:30:49.508319144Z"
  23.         },
  24.         "Image": "sha256:d1be8383ce8b4976456a8408d7c5263b1ff36d887216131eeb94e3e6c8c8eeb3",
  25.         "ResolvConfPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/dd61611e0a08c42e8c74d6caf6f08a43ee576acae723b4242d4cbf7ada0cec0f/resolv.conf",
  26.         "HostnamePath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/dd61611e0a08c42e8c74d6caf6f08a43ee576acae723b4242d4cbf7ada0cec0f/hostname",
  27.         "HostsPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/dd61611e0a08c42e8c74d6caf6f08a43ee576acae723b4242d4cbf7ada0cec0f/hosts",
  28.         "LogPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/dd61611e0a08c42e8c74d6caf6f08a43ee576acae723b4242d4cbf7ada0cec0f/dd61611e0a08c42e8c74d6caf6f08a43ee576acae723b4242d4cbf7ada0cec0f-json.log",
  29.         "Name": "/jenkins",
  30.         "RestartCount": 0,
  31.         "Driver": "overlay2",
  32.         "Platform": "linux",
  33.         "MountLabel": "",
  34.         "ProcessLabel": "",
  35.         "AppArmorProfile": "",
  36.         "ExecIDs": null,
  37.         "HostConfig": {
  38.             "Binds": [
  39.                 "/usr/bin/docker:/usr/bin/docker",
  40.                 "/var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock",
  41.                 "/etc/localtime:/etc/localtime:ro",
  42.                 "/var/volumes4docker/jenkins/jenkins_home:/var/jenkins_home"
  43.             ],
  44.             "ContainerIDFile": "",
  45.             "LogConfig": {
  46.                 "Type": "json-file",
  47.                 "Config": {}
  48.             },
  49.             "NetworkMode": "default",
  50.             "PortBindings": {
  51.                 "50000/tcp": [
  52.                     {
  53.                         "HostIp": "",
  54.                         "HostPort": "50000"
  55.                     }
  56.                 ],
  57.                 "8080/tcp": [
  58.                     {
  59.                         "HostIp": "",
  60.                         "HostPort": "8082"
  61.                     }
  62.                 ]
  63.             },
  64.             "RestartPolicy": {
  65.                 "Name": "no",
  66.                 "MaximumRetryCount": 0
  67.             },
  68.             "AutoRemove": false,
  69.             "VolumeDriver": "",
  70.             "VolumesFrom": null,
  71.             "CapAdd": null,
  72.             "CapDrop": null,
  73.             "CgroupnsMode": "host",
  74.             "Dns": [],
  75.             "DnsOptions": [],
  76.             "DnsSearch": [],
  77.             "ExtraHosts": null,
  78.             "GroupAdd": null,
  79.             "IpcMode": "private",
  80.             "Cgroup": "",
  81.             "Links": null,
  82.             "OomScoreAdj": 0,
  83.             "PidMode": "",
  84.             "Privileged": false,
  85.             "PublishAllPorts": false,
  86.             "ReadonlyRootfs": false,
  87.             "SecurityOpt": null,
  88.             "UTSMode": "",
  89.             "UsernsMode": "",
  90.             "ShmSize": 67108864,
  91.             "Runtime": "runc",
  92.             "ConsoleSize": [
  93.                 0,
  94.                 0
  95.             ],
  96.             "Isolation": "",
  97.             "CpuShares": 0,
  98.             "Memory": 0,
  99.             "NanoCpus": 0,
  100.             "CgroupParent": "",
  101.             "BlkioWeight": 0,
  102.             "BlkioWeightDevice": [],
  103.             "BlkioDeviceReadBps": null,
  104.             "BlkioDeviceWriteBps": null,
  105.             "BlkioDeviceReadIOps": null,
  106.             "BlkioDeviceWriteIOps": null,
  107.             "CpuPeriod": 0,
  108.             "CpuQuota": 0,
  109.             "CpuRealtimePeriod": 0,
  110.             "CpuRealtimeRuntime": 0,
  111.             "CpusetCpus": "",
  112.             "CpusetMems": "",
  113.             "Devices": [],
  114.             "DeviceCgroupRules": null,
  115.             "DeviceRequests": null,
  116.             "KernelMemory": 0,
  117.             "KernelMemoryTCP": 0,
  118.             "MemoryReservation": 0,
  119.             "MemorySwap": 0,
  120.             "MemorySwappiness": null,
  121.             "OomKillDisable": false,
  122.             "PidsLimit": null,
  123.             "Ulimits": null,
  124.             "CpuCount": 0,
  125.             "CpuPercent": 0,
  126.             "IOMaximumIOps": 0,
  127.             "IOMaximumBandwidth": 0,
  128.             "MaskedPaths": [
  129.                 "/proc/asound",
  130.                 "/proc/acpi",
  131.                 "/proc/kcore",
  132.                 "/proc/keys",
  133.                 "/proc/latency_stats",
  134.                 "/proc/timer_list",
  135.                 "/proc/timer_stats",
  136.                 "/proc/sched_debug",
  137.                 "/proc/scsi",
  138.                 "/sys/firmware"
  139.             ],
  140.             "ReadonlyPaths": [
  141.                 "/proc/bus",
  142.                 "/proc/fs",
  143.                 "/proc/irq",
  144.                 "/proc/sys",
  145.                 "/proc/sysrq-trigger"
  146.             ]
  147.         },
  148.         "GraphDriver": {
  149.             "Data": {
  150.                 "LowerDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/0293c2371b66db4028a138952309d3e9c8d67477a9fdbf34d2e8523d14a90b63-init/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/594c79d6b867335e0d3cba6beff9068a2881e70aedebfbdbe765cf681846d402/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/ababb979acfee1b0fb4ebc078e41849b3998866e89334a9c1981b8b14c26ec6d/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/d5c9b846126480c1bc5bb329c15cc81796e7c4ded5d0d07b61d2d56da5ede4ee/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/7ecf232ddc190042dbaebb0eec97b8b7677679e5109296ba4258fcbfaf602c40/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/d880a90f682016a5c1e65ad409327da5554dff317632d2d01a61c15f6abe86db/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/6635d79e7c57657d5200cc4eec9c84e40488f3013415b14093853ba87d998231/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/dbad0d02b0641f5ceb126d41ed67f5cea5c4e668d47bddeeecf77962905cb290/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/70f1d11b7fca6f970339fa0fc1a08dd15a0f92b23cda2a9e4b1e241a75987577/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/c76ffd9dac15f7f77bf1fa9ede92ead04888647bba180b361a60bec7c04f4bf1/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/ee8b58c94ef4699bb14fcd5c1d9dd6766d0b850fb7dc8df1eed6acfa2fc7a096/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/da638011364fa24f3b17b994ba85530fc96d850906ffbd4287d2b021d57f5f51/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/162028340c25fb6568da119a4e08e0da1b4f5bd6b47e0ed775c2e5c2db85ffda/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/7193bfcdaadc04c8dd578459185e5a517484c77973ee99ab0571e71d84323ea5/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/6310d645f34aa9dcf56271518b23e448ba53737226503ba104b6df763bd07ff7/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/ce15fc78d857ac74372f6b15b1b65d8c5a70bae58555c16ff43a6928a110330f/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/5122a05d3e3d5141403d70b3d8360962f08518c91a3d9013e413b1b3ca98ff86/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/649d241945635331ec166baa9afb4dcbed387f7a3c01ae909de2f4d2b28e0698/diff",
  151.                 "MergedDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/0293c2371b66db4028a138952309d3e9c8d67477a9fdbf34d2e8523d14a90b63/merged",
  152.                 "UpperDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/0293c2371b66db4028a138952309d3e9c8d67477a9fdbf34d2e8523d14a90b63/diff",
  153.                 "WorkDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/0293c2371b66db4028a138952309d3e9c8d67477a9fdbf34d2e8523d14a90b63/work"
  154.             },
  155.             "Name": "overlay2"
  156.         },
  157.         "Mounts": [
  158.             {
  159.                 "Type": "bind",
  160.                 "Source": "/usr/bin/docker",
  161.                 "Destination": "/usr/bin/docker",
  162.                 "Mode": "",
  163.                 "RW": true,
  164.                 "Propagation": "rprivate"
  165.             },
  166.             {
  167.                 "Type": "bind",
  168.                 "Source": "/var/run/docker.sock",
  169.                 "Destination": "/var/run/docker.sock",
  170.                 "Mode": "",
  171.                 "RW": true,
  172.                 "Propagation": "rprivate"
  173.             },
  174.             {
  175.                 "Type": "bind",
  176.                 "Source": "/etc/localtime",
  177.                 "Destination": "/etc/localtime",
  178.                 "Mode": "ro",
  179.                 "RW": false,
  180.                 "Propagation": "rprivate"
  181.             },
  182.             {
  183.                 "Type": "bind",
  184.                 "Source": "/var/volumes4docker/jenkins/jenkins_home",
  185.                 "Destination": "/var/jenkins_home",
  186.                 "Mode": "",
  187.                 "RW": true,
  188.                 "Propagation": "rprivate"
  189.             }
  190.         ],
  191.         "Config": {
  192.             "Hostname": "dd61611e0a08",
  193.             "Domainname": "",
  194.             "User": "root",
  195.             "AttachStdin": false,
  196.             "AttachStdout": true,
  197.             "AttachStderr": true,
  198.             "ExposedPorts": {
  199.                 "50000/tcp": {},
  200.                 "8080/tcp": {}
  201.             },
  202.             "Tty": false,
  203.             "OpenStdin": false,
  204.             "StdinOnce": false,
  205.             "Env": [
  206.                 "TZ=Asia/Shanghai",
  207.                 "PATH=/opt/java/openjdk/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin",
  208.                 "LANG=C.UTF-8",
  209.                 "JENKINS_HOME=/var/jenkins_home",
  210.                 "JENKINS_SLAVE_AGENT_PORT=50000",
  211.                 "REF=/usr/share/jenkins/ref",
  212.                 "JENKINS_VERSION=2.315",
  213.                 "JENKINS_UC=https://updates.jenkins.io",
  214.                 "JENKINS_UC_EXPERIMENTAL=https://updates.jenkins.io/experimental",
  215.                 "JENKINS_INCREMENTALS_REPO_MIRROR=https://repo.jenkins-ci.org/incrementals",
  216.                 "COPY_REFERENCE_FILE_LOG=/var/jenkins_home/copy_reference_file.log",
  217.                 "JAVA_HOME=/opt/java/openjdk"
  218.             ],
  219.             "Cmd": null,
  220.             "Image": "jenkins/jenkins",
  221.             "Volumes": {
  222.                 "/var/jenkins_home": {}
  223.             },
  224.             "WorkingDir": "",
  225.             "Entrypoint": [
  226.                 "/sbin/tini",
  227.                 "--",
  228.                 "/usr/local/bin/jenkins.sh"
  229.             ],
  230.             "OnBuild": null,
  231.             "Labels": {
  232.                 "org.opencontainers.image.description": "The Jenkins Continuous Integration and Delivery server",
  233.                 "org.opencontainers.image.licenses": "MIT",
  234.                 "org.opencontainers.image.source": "https://github.com/jenkinsci/docker",
  235.                 "org.opencontainers.image.title": "Official Jenkins Docker image",
  236.                 "org.opencontainers.image.url": "https://www.jenkins.io/",
  237.                 "org.opencontainers.image.vendor": "Jenkins project",
  238.                 "org.opencontainers.image.version": "2.315"
  239.             }
  240.         },
  241.         "NetworkSettings": {
  242.             "Bridge": "",
  243.             "SandboxID": "1cd79de9c2420e53d5881242b400b174628a31e3693ca613f91ac436e69ef69b",
  244.             "HairpinMode": false,
  245.             "LinkLocalIPv6Address": "",
  246.             "LinkLocalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
  247.             "Ports": {
  248.                 "50000/tcp": [
  249.                     {
  250.                         "HostIp": "0.0.0.0",
  251.                         "HostPort": "50000"
  252.                     }
  253.                 ],
  254.                 "8080/tcp": [
  255.                     {
  256.                         "HostIp": "0.0.0.0",
  257.                         "HostPort": "8082"
  258.                     }
  259.                 ]
  260.             },
  261.             "SandboxKey": "/var/run/docker/netns/1cd79de9c242",
  262.             "SecondaryIPAddresses": null,
  263.             "SecondaryIPv6Addresses": null,
  264.             "EndpointID": "2677c1159f6b61d7f7b9a7b1bd31f53fe059792409e5ad9cb9203c9d49ddcf08",
  265.             "Gateway": "172.17.0.1",
  266.             "GlobalIPv6Address": "",
  267.             "GlobalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
  268.             "IPAddress": "172.17.0.3",
  269.             "IPPrefixLen": 16,
  270.             "IPv6Gateway": "",
  271.             "MacAddress": "02:42:ac:11:00:03",
  272.             "Networks": {
  273.                 "bridge": {
  274.                     "IPAMConfig": null,
  275.                     "Links": null,
  276.                     "Aliases": null,
  277.                     "NetworkID": "8d10d0e8db5eaee9a179ad0c38340b01c68ac5135f648e9149aac24ac4113ccb",
  278.                     "EndpointID": "2677c1159f6b61d7f7b9a7b1bd31f53fe059792409e5ad9cb9203c9d49ddcf08",
  279.                     "Gateway": "172.17.0.1",
  280.                     "IPAddress": "172.17.0.3",
  281.                     "IPPrefixLen": 16,
  282.                     "IPv6Gateway": "",
  283.                     "GlobalIPv6Address": "",
  284.                     "GlobalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
  285.                     "MacAddress": "02:42:ac:11:00:03",
  286.                     "DriverOpts": null
  287.                 }
  288.             }
  289.         }
  290.     }
  291. ]

宿主机访问jenkins控制台日志

  1. docker logs -f jenkins
  2. # -f 查看实时日志

宿主机访问jenkins主目录

  1. # 容器内/var/jenkins_home挂载目录
  3. /var/volumes4docker/jenkins/jenkins_home

启动问题及处理

  1. curl localhost:8082
  2. Authentication required

防火墙要开放50000 和8082 端口，同时也要配置阿里云安全组规则。