执行 C 程序，出现 AddressSanitizer的错误，详细错误如:

    1.  ==9016==ERROR: AddressSanitizer: heap-use-after-free on address 0x602000003338 at pc 0x00000060b262 bp 0x7ffe4bba1a70 sp 0x7ffe4bba1a68
    2. 18:19:02  READ of size 8 at 0x602000003338 thread T0
    3. 18:19:02  ==9016==WARNING: invalid path to external symbolizer!
    4. 18:19:02  ==9016==WARNING: Failed to use and restart external symbolizer!
    5. 18:19:02      #0 0x60b261  (/tmp/ramdisk/gn_out/build/linux/x64/smoke+0x60b261)
    6. 18:19:02      #1 0x606109  (/tmp/ramdisk/gn_out/build/linux/x64/smoke+0x606109)
    7. 18:19:02      #2 0x53541a  (/tmp/ramdisk/gn_out/build/linux/x64/smoke+0x53541a)
    8. 18:19:02      #3 0x51e689  (/tmp/ramdisk/gn_out/build/linux/x64/smoke+0x51e689)
    9. 18:19:02      #4 0x501ae5  (/tmp/ramdisk/gn_out/build/linux/x64/smoke+0x501ae5)
    10. 18:19:02      #5 0x5027f7  (/tmp/ramdisk/gn_out/build/linux/x64/smoke+0x5027f7)
    11. 18:19:02      #6 0x502e82  (/tmp/ramdisk/gn_out/build/linux/x64/smoke+0x502e82)
    12. 18:19:02      #7 0x50de12  (/tmp/ramdisk/gn_out/build/linux/x64/smoke+0x50de12)
    13. 18:19:02      #8 0x538bca  (/tmp/ramdisk/gn_out/build/linux/x64/smoke+0x538bca)
    14. 18:19:02      #9 0x520aa9  (/tmp/ramdisk/gn_out/build/linux/x64/smoke+0x520aa9)
    15. 18:19:02      #10 0x50db2a  (/tmp/ramdisk/gn_out/build/linux/x64/smoke+0x50db2a)
    16. 18:19:02      #11 0x4deb50  (/tmp/ramdisk/gn_out/build/linux/x64/smoke+0x4deb50)
    17. 18:19:02      #12 0x4deae3  (/tmp/ramdisk/gn_out/build/linux/x64/smoke+0x4deae3)
    18. 18:19:02      #13 0x7f4d12486b96  (/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6+0x21b96)
    19. 18:19:02      #14 0x42db59  (/tmp/ramdisk/gn_out/build/linux/x64/smoke+0x42db59)
    20. 18:19:02  
    21. 18:19:02  0x602000003338 is located 8 bytes inside of 16-byte region [0x602000003330,0x602000003340)
    22. 18:19:02  freed by thread T6 here:
    23. 18:19:02      #0 0x4dc92d  (/tmp/ramdisk/gn_out/build/linux/x64/smoke+0x4dc92d)
    24. 18:19:02      #1 0x606d01  (/tmp/ramdisk/gn_out/build/linux/x64/smoke+0x606d01)
    25. 18:19:02      #2 0x5f6f93  (/tmp/ramdisk/gn_out/build/linux/x64/smoke+0x5f6f93)
    26. 18:19:02      #3 0x7f4d14c8b6da  (/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpthread.so.0+0x76da)
    27. 18:19:02  
    28. 18:19:02  previously allocated by thread T6 here:
    29. 18:19:02      #0 0x4dc0cd  (/tmp/ramdisk/gn_out/build/linux/x64/smoke+0x4dc0cd)
    30. 18:19:02      #1 0x606a94  (/tmp/ramdisk/gn_out/build/linux/x64/smoke+0x606a94)
    31. 18:19:02      #2 0x5f6f93  (/tmp/ramdisk/gn_out/build/linux/x64/smoke+0x5f6f93)
    32. 18:19:02      #3 0x7f4d14c8b6da  (/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpthread.so.0+0x76da)
    33. 18:19:02  
    34. 18:19:02  Thread T6 created by T0 here:
    35. 18:19:02      #0 0x4949cc  (/tmp/ramdisk/gn_out/build/linux/x64/smoke+0x4949cc)
    36. 18:19:02      #1 0x5f69e4  (/tmp/ramdisk/gn_out/build/linux/x64/smoke+0x5f69e4)
    37. 18:19:02      #2 0x605c8e  (/tmp/ramdisk/gn_out/build/linux/x64/smoke+0x605c8e)
    38. 18:19:02      #3 0x53541a  (/tmp/ramdisk/gn_out/build/linux/x64/smoke+0x53541a)
    39. 18:19:02      #4 0x51e689  (/tmp/ramdisk/gn_out/build/linux/x64/smoke+0x51e689)
    40. 18:19:02      #5 0x501ae5  (/tmp/ramdisk/gn_out/build/linux/x64/smoke+0x501ae5)
    41. 18:19:02      #6 0x5027f7  (/tmp/ramdisk/gn_out/build/linux/x64/smoke+0x5027f7)
    42. 18:19:02      #7 0x502e82  (/tmp/ramdisk/gn_out/build/linux/x64/smoke+0x502e82)
    43. 18:19:02      #8 0x50de12  (/tmp/ramdisk/gn_out/build/linux/x64/smoke+0x50de12)
    44. 18:19:02      #9 0x538bca  (/tmp/ramdisk/gn_out/build/linux/x64/smoke+0x538bca)
    45. 18:19:02      #10 0x520aa9  (/tmp/ramdisk/gn_out/build/linux/x64/smoke+0x520aa9)
    46. 18:19:02      #11 0x50db2a  (/tmp/ramdisk/gn_out/build/linux/x64/smoke+0x50db2a)
    47. 18:19:02      #12 0x4deb50  (/tmp/ramdisk/gn_out/build/linux/x64/smoke+0x4deb50)
    48. 18:19:02      #13 0x4deae3  (/tmp/ramdisk/gn_out/build/linux/x64/smoke+0x4deae3)
    49. 18:19:02      #14 0x7f4d12486b96  (/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6+0x21b96)
    50. 18:19:02  
    51. 18:19:02  SUMMARY: AddressSanitizer: heap-use-after-free (/tmp/ramdisk/gn_out/build/linux/x64/smoke+0x60b261) 
    52. 18:19:02  Shadow bytes around the buggy address:
    53. 18:19:02    0x0c047fff8610: fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa
    54. 18:19:02    0x0c047fff8620: fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa
    55. 18:19:02    0x0c047fff8630: fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa
    56. 18:19:02    0x0c047fff8640: fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa
    57. 18:19:02    0x0c047fff8650: fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa
    58. 18:19:02  =>0x0c047fff8660: fa fa fa fa fa fa fd[fd]fa fa fd fd fa fa fd fd
    59. 18:19:02    0x0c047fff8670: fa fa fd fa fa fa fd fa fa fa fd fa fa fa fd fa
    60. 18:19:02    0x0c047fff8680: fa fa fd fd fa fa fd fa fa fa fd fd fa fa fd fa
    61. 18:19:02    0x0c047fff8690: fa fa fd fd fa fa fd fa fa fa fd fd fa fa fd fa
    62. 18:19:02    0x0c047fff86a0: fa fa fd fd fa fa fd fa fa fa fd fd fa fa fd fa
    63. 18:19:02    0x0c047fff86b0: fa fa fd fd fa fa fd fa fa fa fd fd fa fa fd fa
    64. 18:19:02  Shadow byte legend (one shadow byte represents 8 application bytes):
    65. 18:19:02    Addressable:           00
    66. 18:19:02    Partially addressable: 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 
    67. 18:19:02    Heap left redzone:       fa
    68. 18:19:02    Freed heap region:       fd
    69. 18:19:02    Stack left redzone:      f1
    70. 18:19:02    Stack mid redzone:       f2
    71. 18:19:02    Stack right redzone:     f3
    72. 18:19:02    Stack after return:      f5
    73. 18:19:02    Stack use after scope:   f8
    74. 18:19:02    Global redzone:          f9
    75. 18:19:02    Global init order:       f6
    76. 18:19:02    Poisoned by user:        f7
    77. 18:19:02    Container overflow:      fc
    78. 18:19:02    Array cookie:            ac
    79. 18:19:02    Intra object redzone:    bb
    80. 18:19:02    ASan internal:           fe
    81. 18:19:02    Left alloca redzone:     ca
    82. 18:19:02    Right alloca redzone:    cb
    83. 18:19:02  ==9016==ABORTING

    由于错误中，没有 stack frame信息，无法从错误信息中识别出具体的代码段。

    可以通过 addr2line 工具分析执行文件。
    首先，一定是执行出错的运行程序。
    通过 addr2line -e <object> <address> 查看地址对应的代码行。前提是需要执行程序是 debug 版本。
    如上述错误:

    18:19:02  ==9016==WARNING: Failed to use and restart external symbolizer!
18:19:02      #0 0x60b261  (/tmp/ramdisk/gn_out/build/linux/x64/smoke+0x60b261)
18:19:02      #1 0x606109  (/tmp/ramdisk/gn_out/build/linux/x64/smoke+0x606109)
18:19:02      #2 0x53541a  (/tmp/ramdisk/gn_out/build/linux/x64/smoke+0x53541a)

    可执行 addr2line -e ./smoke 0x60b261，输出如下:

    /tmp/jenkins/rte_platform/out/linux/x64/../../../src/robox_framework/binding/cpp/box.h:91

    heap-user-after-free 错误，一般是在线程 A 中释放了一段内存，在线程 B 中继续访问该段内存 (可能是其中的一部分，不一定是从起始位置)。
    如上述错误中的第一行:

     ==9016==ERROR: AddressSanitizer: heap-use-after-free on address 0x602000003338 at pc 0x00000060b262 bp 0x7ffe4bba1a70 sp 0x7ffe4bba1a68

    指出访问的地址是 0x602000003338。

    第 21 行指出该地址被释放的原因:

    18:19:02  0x602000003338 is located 8 bytes inside of 16-byte region [0x602000003330,0x602000003340)
18:19:02  freed by thread T6 here:

    是被线程 T6 释放，释放的对象的内存空间是 0x602000003330 到 0x602000003340，而 0x602000003338 在这段内存范围内。