自动编译文件
编译文件时，使用-w指令后，TS编译器会自动监视文件的变化，并在文件发生变化时对文件进行重新编译
示例:**tsc xxx.ts -w**
w表示watch
自动编译整个项目
如果直接使用tsc指令，则可以自动将当前项目下的所有ts文件编译为js文件
但是能直接使用tsc命令的前提时，要先在项目根目录下创建一个ts的配置文件tsconfig.json
tsconfig.json
这是是一个JSON文件，添加配置文件后，只需tsc命令即可完成对整个项目的编译
这个文件是ts编译器的配置文件，ts编译器可以根据它的信息来对代码进行编译
配置选项：
include
默认值
示例:
{"include":["./src/**/*"]}
上述示例中，根目录下的所有src目录下的任意目录的任意文件都会被编译
写路径时候*代表
- 一个*表示的是任意文件
- 两个**表示任意目录
exclude
默认值
["node_modules","bower_components","jspm_packages"]
示例:
{"include":["./**/*"],"exclude":["node_modules","bower_components","jspm_packages","./excludefile/**/*"]}
extends
示例
{"extends": "./configs/base"}
上述示例中，当前配置文件中会自动包含config目录下base.json中的所有配置信息
files
示例
{
"files": [
"a.ts",
"b.ts",
"c.ts",
"d.ts",
"e.ts",
"f.ts",
]
}
compilerOptions
编译选项是配置文件中非常重要也比较复杂的配置选项
compilerOptions中包含多个子选项，用来完成对编译的配置
tsc -init
{
"compilerOptions": {
/* Visit https://aka.ms/tsconfig.json to read more about this file */
/* Basic Options */
// "incremental": true, /* Enable incremental compilation */
"target": "es5", /* Specify ECMAScript target version: 'ES3' (default), 'ES5', 'ES2015', 'ES2016', 'ES2017', 'ES2018', 'ES2019', 'ES2020', 'ES2021', or 'ESNEXT'. */
"module": "commonjs", /* Specify module code generation: 'none', 'commonjs', 'amd', 'system', 'umd', 'es2015', 'es2020', or 'ESNext'. */
// "lib": [], /* Specify library files to be included in the compilation. */
// "allowJs": true, /* Allow javascript files to be compiled. */
// "checkJs": true, /* Report errors in .js files. */
// "jsx": "preserve", /* Specify JSX code generation: 'preserve', 'react-native', 'react', 'react-jsx' or 'react-jsxdev'. */
// "declaration": true, /* Generates corresponding '.d.ts' file. */
// "declarationMap": true, /* Generates a sourcemap for each corresponding '.d.ts' file. */
// "sourceMap": true, /* Generates corresponding '.map' file. */
// "outFile": "./", /* Concatenate and emit output to single file. */
// "outDir": "./", /* Redirect output structure to the directory. */
// "rootDir": "./", /* Specify the root directory of input files. Use to control the output directory structure with --outDir. */
// "composite": true, /* Enable project compilation */
// "tsBuildInfoFile": "./", /* Specify file to store incremental compilation information */
// "removeComments": true, /* Do not emit comments to output. */
// "noEmit": true, /* Do not emit outputs. */
// "importHelpers": true, /* Import emit helpers from 'tslib'. */
// "downlevelIteration": true, /* Provide full support for iterables in 'for-of', spread, and destructuring when targeting 'ES5' or 'ES3'. */
// "isolatedModules": true, /* Transpile each file as a separate module (similar to 'ts.transpileModule'). */
/* Strict Type-Checking Options */
"strict": true, /* Enable all strict type-checking options. */
// "noImplicitAny": true, /* Raise error on expressions and declarations with an implied 'any' type. */
// "strictNullChecks": true, /* Enable strict null checks. */
// "strictFunctionTypes": true, /* Enable strict checking of function types. */
// "strictBindCallApply": true, /* Enable strict 'bind', 'call', and 'apply' methods on functions. */
// "strictPropertyInitialization": true, /* Enable strict checking of property initialization in classes. */
// "noImplicitThis": true, /* Raise error on 'this' expressions with an implied 'any' type. */
// "alwaysStrict": true, /* Parse in strict mode and emit "use strict" for each source file. */
/* Additional Checks */
// "noUnusedLocals": true, /* Report errors on unused locals. */
// "noUnusedParameters": true, /* Report errors on unused parameters. */
// "noImplicitReturns": true, /* Report error when not all code paths in function return a value. */
// "noFallthroughCasesInSwitch": true, /* Report errors for fallthrough cases in switch statement. */
// "noUncheckedIndexedAccess": true, /* Include 'undefined' in index signature results */
// "noImplicitOverride": true, /* Ensure overriding members in derived classes are marked with an 'override' modifier. */
// "noPropertyAccessFromIndexSignature": true, /* Require undeclared properties from index signatures to use element accesses. */
/* Module Resolution Options */
// "moduleResolution": "node", /* Specify module resolution strategy: 'node' (Node.js) or 'classic' (TypeScript pre-1.6). */
// "baseUrl": "./", /* Base directory to resolve non-absolute module names. */
// "paths": {}, /* A series of entries which re-map imports to lookup locations relative to the 'baseUrl'. */
// "rootDirs": [], /* List of root folders whose combined content represents the structure of the project at runtime. */
// "typeRoots": [], /* List of folders to include type definitions from. */
// "types": [], /* Type declaration files to be included in compilation. */
// "allowSyntheticDefaultImports": true, /* Allow default imports from modules with no default export. This does not affect code emit, just typechecking. */
"esModuleInterop": true, /* Enables emit interoperability between CommonJS and ES Modules via creation of namespace objects for all imports. Implies 'allowSyntheticDefaultImports'. */
// "preserveSymlinks": true, /* Do not resolve the real path of symlinks. */
// "allowUmdGlobalAccess": true, /* Allow accessing UMD globals from modules. */
/* Source Map Options */
// "sourceRoot": "", /* Specify the location where debugger should locate TypeScript files instead of source locations. */
// "mapRoot": "", /* Specify the location where debugger should locate map files instead of generated locations. */
// "inlineSourceMap": true, /* Emit a single file with source maps instead of having a separate file. */
// "inlineSources": true, /* Emit the source alongside the sourcemaps within a single file; requires '--inlineSourceMap' or '--sourceMap' to be set. */
/* Experimental Options */
// "experimentalDecorators": true, /* Enables experimental support for ES7 decorators. */
// "emitDecoratorMetadata": true, /* Enables experimental support for emitting type metadata for decorators. */
/* Advanced Options */
"skipLibCheck": true, /* Skip type checking of declaration files. */
"forceConsistentCasingInFileNames": true /* Disallow inconsistently-cased references to the same file. */
}
}
target
设置ts代码编译的目标版本
用来指定ts被编译为的ES的版本
可选值
ES3（默认）、ES5、ES6/ES2015、ES7/ES2016、ES2017、ES2018、ES2019、ES2020、ESNext
示例
{
"compilerOptions": {
"target":"ES6"
}
}
如上设置，我们所编写的ts代码将会被编译为ES6版本的js代码
lib
指定代码运行时所包含的库（宿主环境）
用来指定项目中要使用的库
{
lib:[]
}
比如在使用document.getElementById("elementid");
使用的DOM的代码，DOM就是一个库
当lib为空时，DOM语句都不能使用
当代码不是在浏览器运行，而是在nodejs中运行的时候需要改lib
正常在浏览器中运行的话，lib是不需要设置的
可选值
示例
module
指定要使用的模块化的规范
一般推荐es2015这个版本
{
"compilerOptions": {
"target": "es2015",
"module": "es2015"
}
}
outDir
指定编译后文件所在目录
{
"compilerOptions":{
"outDir": "./dist"
}
}
outFile
将代码合并为一个文件
设置outFile后，所有的全局作用域中的代码会合并到同一个文件中
这时module就得使用system或者amd
{
"compilerOptions":{
"outFile": "./dist/app.js"
}
}
allowJs
是否对JS文件进行编译
默认是false
{
"compilerOptions":{
"allowJs": true
}
}
checkJs
是否检查js代码是否符合语法规范
默认是false
{
"compilerOptions":{
"checkJs": true
}
}
removeComments
是否移除注释
{
"compilerOptions":{
"removeComments": true
}
}
noEmit
不生成编译后的文件
{
"compilerOptions":{
"noEmit": true
}
}
noEmitOnError
当有错误时不生成编译后的文件
{
"compilerOptions":{
"noEmitOnError": true
}
}
alwaysStrict
用来设置编译后的文件是否使用严格模式
默认是false
{
"compilerOptions":{
"alwaysStrict": true
}
}
noImplicitAny
不允许隐式的any类型
{
"compilerOptions":{
"noImplicitAny": true
}
}
noImplicitThis
不允许隐式的不明确类型的this
{
"compilerOptions":{
"noImplicitThis": true
}
}
strictNullChecks
严格的检查空值
{
"compilerOptions":{
"strictNullChecks": true
}
}
strict
所有严格检查的总开关
{
"compilerOptions":{
"strict": true
}
}
这个开了，其它几个检查的选项就都开了
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