2.自旋锁的其他种类
上篇我们讲到了自旋锁,在自旋锁中 另有三种常见的锁形式:TicketLock ,CLHlock 和MCSlock
package com.alipay.titan.dcc.dal.entity;
import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger;
public class TicketLock {
private AtomicInteger serviceNum = new AtomicInteger();
private AtomicInteger ticketNum = new AtomicInteger();
private static final ThreadLocal<Integer> LOCAL = new ThreadLocal<Integer>();
public void lock() {
int myticket = ticketNum.getAndIncrement();
LOCAL.set(myticket);
while (myticket != serviceNum.get()) {
}
}
public void unlock() {
int myticket = LOCAL.get();
serviceNum.compareAndSet(myticket, myticket + 1);
}
}
每次都要查询一个serviceNum 服务号,影响性能(必须要到主内存读取,并阻止其他cpu修改)。
CLHLock 和MCSLock 则是两种类型相似的公平锁,采用链表的形式进行排序,
import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicReferenceFieldUpdater;
public class CLHLock {
public static class CLHNode {
private volatile boolean isLocked = true;
}
@SuppressWarnings("unused")
private volatile CLHNode tail;
private static final ThreadLocal<CLHNode> LOCAL = new ThreadLocal<CLHNode>();
private static final AtomicReferenceFieldUpdater<CLHLock, CLHNode> UPDATER = AtomicReferenceFieldUpdater.newUpdater(CLHLock.class,
CLHNode.class, "tail");
public void lock() {
CLHNode node = new CLHNode();
LOCAL.set(node);
CLHNode preNode = UPDATER.getAndSet(this, node);
if (preNode != null) {
while (preNode.isLocked) {
}
preNode = null;
LOCAL.set(node);
}
}
public void unlock() {
CLHNode node = LOCAL.get();
if (!UPDATER.compareAndSet(this, node, null)) {
node.isLocked = false;
}
node = null;
}
}
CLHlock是不停的查询前驱变量, 导致不适合在NUMA 架构下使用(在这种结构下,每个线程分布在不同的物理内存区域)
MCSLock则是对本地变量的节点进行循环。不存在CLHlock 的问题。
import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicReferenceFieldUpdater;
public class MCSLock {
public static class MCSNode {
volatile MCSNode next;
volatile boolean isLocked = true;
}
private static final ThreadLocal<MCSNode> NODE = new ThreadLocal<MCSNode>();
@SuppressWarnings("unused")
private volatile MCSNode queue;
private static final AtomicReferenceFieldUpdater<MCSLock, MCSNode> UPDATER = AtomicReferenceFieldUpdater.newUpdater(MCSLock.class,
MCSNode.class, "queue");
public void lock() {
MCSNode currentNode = new MCSNode();
NODE.set(currentNode);
MCSNode preNode = UPDATER.getAndSet(this, currentNode);
if (preNode != null) {
preNode.next = currentNode;
while (currentNode.isLocked) {
}
}
}
public void unlock() {
MCSNode currentNode = NODE.get();
if (currentNode.next == null) {
if (UPDATER.compareAndSet(this, currentNode, null)) {
} else {
while (currentNode.next == null) {
}
}
} else {
currentNode.next.isLocked = false;
currentNode.next = null;
}
}
}
从代码上 看,CLH 要比 MCS 更简单,
CLH 的队列是隐式的队列,没有真实的后继结点属性。
MCS 的队列是显式的队列,有真实的后继结点属性。
JUC ReentrantLock 默认内部使用的锁 即是 CLH锁(有很多改进的地方,将自旋锁换成了阻塞锁等等)。