2.自旋锁的其他种类
上篇我们讲到了自旋锁,在自旋锁中 另有三种常见的锁形式:TicketLock ,CLHlock 和MCSlock
package com.alipay.titan.dcc.dal.entity;import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger;public class TicketLock {private AtomicInteger serviceNum = new AtomicInteger();private AtomicInteger ticketNum = new AtomicInteger();private static final ThreadLocal<Integer> LOCAL = new ThreadLocal<Integer>();public void lock() {int myticket = ticketNum.getAndIncrement();LOCAL.set(myticket);while (myticket != serviceNum.get()) {}}public void unlock() {int myticket = LOCAL.get();serviceNum.compareAndSet(myticket, myticket + 1);}}
每次都要查询一个serviceNum 服务号,影响性能(必须要到主内存读取,并阻止其他cpu修改)。
CLHLock 和MCSLock 则是两种类型相似的公平锁,采用链表的形式进行排序,
import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicReferenceFieldUpdater;public class CLHLock {public static class CLHNode {private volatile boolean isLocked = true;}@SuppressWarnings("unused")private volatile CLHNode tail;private static final ThreadLocal<CLHNode> LOCAL = new ThreadLocal<CLHNode>();private static final AtomicReferenceFieldUpdater<CLHLock, CLHNode> UPDATER = AtomicReferenceFieldUpdater.newUpdater(CLHLock.class,CLHNode.class, "tail");public void lock() {CLHNode node = new CLHNode();LOCAL.set(node);CLHNode preNode = UPDATER.getAndSet(this, node);if (preNode != null) {while (preNode.isLocked) {}preNode = null;LOCAL.set(node);}}public void unlock() {CLHNode node = LOCAL.get();if (!UPDATER.compareAndSet(this, node, null)) {node.isLocked = false;}node = null;}}
CLHlock是不停的查询前驱变量, 导致不适合在NUMA 架构下使用(在这种结构下,每个线程分布在不同的物理内存区域)
MCSLock则是对本地变量的节点进行循环。不存在CLHlock 的问题。
import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicReferenceFieldUpdater;public class MCSLock {public static class MCSNode {volatile MCSNode next;volatile boolean isLocked = true;}private static final ThreadLocal<MCSNode> NODE = new ThreadLocal<MCSNode>();@SuppressWarnings("unused")private volatile MCSNode queue;private static final AtomicReferenceFieldUpdater<MCSLock, MCSNode> UPDATER = AtomicReferenceFieldUpdater.newUpdater(MCSLock.class,MCSNode.class, "queue");public void lock() {MCSNode currentNode = new MCSNode();NODE.set(currentNode);MCSNode preNode = UPDATER.getAndSet(this, currentNode);if (preNode != null) {preNode.next = currentNode;while (currentNode.isLocked) {}}}public void unlock() {MCSNode currentNode = NODE.get();if (currentNode.next == null) {if (UPDATER.compareAndSet(this, currentNode, null)) {} else {while (currentNode.next == null) {}}} else {currentNode.next.isLocked = false;currentNode.next = null;}}}
从代码上 看,CLH 要比 MCS 更简单,
CLH 的队列是隐式的队列,没有真实的后继结点属性。
MCS 的队列是显式的队列,有真实的后继结点属性。
JUC ReentrantLock 默认内部使用的锁 即是 CLH锁(有很多改进的地方,将自旋锁换成了阻塞锁等等)。
